How to Plant and Grow Romanesco Broccoli

Brassica oleracea var. botrytis ‘Romanesco’

If there was ever a chunk of artwork that by accident manifested itself as a vegetable, it will be Romanesco broccoli.

It’s all the time tucked subsequent to the broccoli and cauliflower on the grocery retailer, and each time my younger son and I stroll by it, we will’t assist however cease and stare at its intricate swirls and whorls.

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It’s nearly too exquisite-looking to eat, however eat it we do. It makes an ideal substitute for broccoli or cauliflower in any dish, and its barely candy, nutty taste makes it a favourite amongst children.

However what’s Romanesco broccoli precisely? Is it even broccoli? Does it develop within the wild? Is it tough to develop at residence?

You’re about to search out out. Right here’s what we’ll cowl:

Let’s simply get this out of the best way first: Romanesco broccoli isn’t truly a wide range of broccoli in any respect.

Some individuals name it “Roman cauliflower,” however it’s not cauliflower both, it’s not broccoli, and it’s not cabbage, and due to this, it’s normally known as “Romanesco.”

This plant is a Brassica selection that was first cultivated by way of selective breeding someday in or earlier than the fifteenth century in Rome, Italy. Therefore the title, Romanesco.

In Italy, it’s referred to as cavolo broccolo Romanesco. That’s received a sure rhythm to it that I can’t assist however love, and in English interprets to “Romanesco broccoli cabbage.” In Germany, it’s referred to as “pyramiden blumenkohl,” or pyramid cauliflower.

Someday within the twentieth century, Romanesco made its method from Europe to america, and has been wowing farmers’ market customers and gardeners ever since.

Geometry lovers will respect that Romanesco grows and develops in keeping with a logarithmic Fibonacci sequence, forming practically good fractal spirals.

In mild of this info, Romanesco is nearer to cauliflower than to broccoli botanically; which is why it’s positioned within the Botrytis Group with cauliflower.

The principle distinction between cauliflower and Romanesco is that within the latter, every undeveloped flower is seen within the ultimate head as a result of its shoots type buds at an rising tempo, which pushes the rising tip outward and produces the distinctive spiral of conical factors.

All components of Romanesco are edible, from the leaves to the stem in addition to its fractaled curd.

The plant grows 24 to 36 inches excessive with a ramification of 16 to 18 inches. Mature heads can measure three to 5 inches in diameter and weigh as much as 5 kilos!

The way to Sow

The perfect methods to propagate this funky plant are by way of seed or by transplanting begins bought at a nursery. We’ll cowl each strategies beneath.

From Seed

Since Romanesco enjoys cool climate, it’s a good suggestion to begin seeds indoors six to eight weeks earlier than your space’s common final frost date.

This fashion, they’ll be younger, strong vegetation by the point you transplant into the backyard, and can do many of the rising within the cooler a part of the spring and early summer time.

If you happen to dwell in a hotter rising zone, beginning Romanesco broccoli indoors throughout late summer time can shield seedlings from the warmth, and put together them for a late fall or early winter transplant to the backyard.

Seize a seedling tray with drainage holes and fill it with seed-starting combine. I really like this natural combine from Jiffy, which is on the market from the Dwelling Depot.

Jiffy Seed Beginning Combine

In every cell, create an indentation that’s 1 / 4 of an inch deep. Drop two seeds into every gap and canopy frivolously with seed-starting combine.

Spray with water from a spritz bottle to keep away from transferring the seeds misplaced. Place a humidity dome over the seed trays.

This can assist to carry the moisture in and encourage germination, which ought to happen inside 10 to 21 days. Maintain the soil moist however not soaking moist throughout this time.

You may additionally wish to think about inserting a warmth mat beneath the seed tray, and setting it to 70°F. The seeds will germinate in temperatures as little as 45 to 50°F, however the optimum vary is between 65 and 80°F.

As quickly as these inexperienced cotyledons poke by way of the soil, take away the humidity dome.

Transfer the seed tray to a sunny windowsill that receives a minimum of eight to 10 hours of daylight a day. Or put them underneath a develop mild for 12 to 14 hours a day.

Discover a provides record for beginning seeds right here.

Proceed watering the seedlings a few occasions every week after they germinate. Examine the combo by poking your finger about half an inch down. If it feels dry that far down, it’s time to water.

Transplanting

Right here’s tips on how to transplant seedlings and nursery begins:

First, discover a spot in your backyard that receives a minimum of six, however ideally eight hours of solar day-after-day.

Romanesco thrives in soil with a pH between 6.0 and seven.5, so think about conducting a soil take a look at in your chosen location earlier than planting. This additionally helps you determine in case your soil has the suitable vitamins.

Amend the soil with well-rotted compost or manure so as to add natural matter.

Dig a gap that’s as deep and huge because the containers the vegetation are at the moment rising in. Fastidiously take away the foundation ball from the container and set it within the gap. Backfill with soil and water totally.

If you happen to’re transplanting multiple seedling, depart a minimum of 16 to 18 inches of house between every plant.

The way to Develop

You’ll wish to give the soil about one inch of water every week if the rain doesn’t do all of the watering for you.

Setting a rain gauge in your backyard might help you establish how a lot water Mom Earth gives.

Examine for moisture each few days by poking your finger about an inch down into the soil. If it feels moist, maintain off on watering for one more day or two. If it feels dry, you realize what to do!

When your vegetation are eight to 10 inches tall, add a balanced 5-5-5 (NPK) fertilizer, in keeping with package deal directions.

Or, you need to use my favourite vegetable fertilizer of all time: Dr. Earth’s 4-6-3 (NPK) tomato, vegetable, and herb fertilizer, out there from the Dwelling Depot.

Dr. Earth Tomato, Vegetable, and Herb Fertilizer

Be sure to work it into the highest two to 3 inches of soil with out disturbing the shallow root system.

Head out into the backyard each few days to verify for weeds, particularly when your Romanesco broccoli vegetation are younger.

Quick-growing weeds can block solar and compete for vitamins, so pull them instantly!

Once they develop to a considerable measurement, you received’t have to fret fairly as a lot. Hardly something can develop underneath the shade of a large brassica.

Apply a three- to four-inch layer of natural mulch to assist preserve the soil moist and funky throughout sizzling climate, or heat throughout chilly climate. I take advantage of bark or cedar chips in my backyard. 

And belief me: you wish to preserve your Romanesco at as even of a temperature as you possibly can. Any important dip or rise can stop the vegetation from forming heads. 

Or if it’s chilly outdoors, cowl the vegetation and their delicate forming heads with a greenhouse cloche.

The place to Purchase

You may typically discover nursery begins out there and most good nurseries will carry seeds.

Romanesco

If you happen to choose to buy on-line, you will discover packets of seeds out there from Eden Brothers.

There are a number of cultivars on the market however they could be a bit tougher to search out. Generally, you can see these vegetation merely labeled Romanesco.

Gitano

For a darkish inexperienced head of curds, and a plant that’s immune to mildew and tolerant of colder climate, strive planting ‘Gitano.’ This cultivar grows 18 inches tall and spreads about 24 inches.

‘Gitano’ matures in 100 to 110 days, is hardy in Zones 3 by way of 10, and kinds heads that weigh about two and a half to 3 kilos every.

Natalino

For a cultivar that produces three- to five-inch, pale inexperienced and yellow heads, strive ‘Natalino.’

This selection matures in simply 90 days, making it a superb alternative for these of us who dwell in areas with brief rising seasons.

‘Natalino’

‘Natalino’ grows as much as 18 inches tall with a ramification of 24 inches. Packets of fifty heirloom seeds can be found by way of Amazon.

Veronica

This in style cultivar can develop heads that vary from 5 to seven inches in diameter. Better of all, it matures in simply 75 to 80 days!

Hardy in Zones 3 by way of 10, ‘Veronica’ has that traditional apple-green coloration and grows 24 to 30 inches tall, with a ramification of 12 to 18 inches.

Pests and Illness

If you happen to’re in any respect acquainted with the pests and ailments that will plague broccoli and cauliflower, then you definitely’ve met those that may hassle Romanesco already.

I really like going out into my backyard each single day and trying out the brand new development, however in the event you’re brief on time, a minimum of get on the market each two or three days.

Take an in depth and cautious have a look at your vegetation. Do you see any holes within the leaves? Any discoloration within the foliage or forming heads?

Take a look at this record of widespread brassica pests to find out which is perhaps the wrongdoer:

Aphids are simple sufficient to eliminate with a powerful spray from the hose, and an software of neem oil spray.

In case your garden is stuffed with dandelions, depart them there!

Crops within the aster household, Asteraceae – like dandelions, sunflowers, and yarrow – and within the carrot household, Umbelliferae, appeal to helpful bugs like inexperienced lacewings, ladybugs, and parasitic wasps.

Plant umbellifers like caraway, cilantro, dill, and Queen Anne’s lace amongst your Romanesco broccoli to assist appeal to bugs that eat pesky caterpillars.

For slugs and snails, I like to make use of pet-safe Slug Magic granules from Bonide, out there at Arbico Organics.

Bonide Slug Magic

When you have deer or moose in your space, it’s possible you’ll wish to cowl your vegetation with hen wire, or spray them with a repellent that retains cervids and rabbits away.

Our information to cauliflower pests gives you extra info.

Illness

Listed below are the highest maladies to be careful for:

Alternaria Leaf Spot

Black Leg

Black Rot

Cauliflower Mosaic Virus

Membership Root

Downy Mildew

Fusarium Yellows

Our information to figuring out and stopping cauliflower ailments might help you to remain on prime of any points.

Harvesting

When your Romanesco broccoli has a decent head of about three to 5 inches in diameter, and round 75 to 100 days have handed since germination, it’s time to reap.

If you happen to wait too lengthy to reap, all these fairly, pointy curds will start to separate.

The top received’t look as beautiful, however it’s nonetheless tasty at this level. Simply choose it fast, earlier than the aphids crawl into the cracks between the curds.

To reap, take a pointy kitchen knife out to the backyard and punctiliously minimize the stem about two inches down from the pinnacle.

Preserving

Keep away from washing your Romanesco till you’re able to eat it.

To retailer, place it in a zip-top bag and preserve it within the crisper drawer of your fridge for as much as 4 days. Rinse it clear simply earlier than consuming or getting ready.

To freeze, chop the curds into no matter measurement you want, then add to a big pot of boiling water for 2 minutes.

Take away from the water, plunge right into a bowl of ice water to cease the cooking course of. This helps to keep up vitamins, crunch, and taste.

Cooking Concepts

Except for consuming it uncooked, considered one of my favourite methods to take pleasure in Romanesco is as a tangy, scrumptious aspect dish by subbing it in for cauliflower on this lemon roasted model from our sister web site, Foodal.

Typically I combine it with purple, orange, and white cauliflower florets as effectively, for a visually beautiful dish.

I additionally love substituting Romanesco for broccolini on this recipe for grilled tomato and broccolini salad with balsamic French dressing, additionally from Foodal.

You may also mix Romanesco with broccoli on this recipe for an asparagus broccoli salad that’s an ideal aspect dish to serve alongside a winter soup or at a summer time barbecue. You will discover this one on Foodal as effectively.

Savor the Psychedelic

Now that you understand how to domesticate this distinctive plant, you received’t have to go looking excessive and low to search out it on the retailer. Simply exit into your backyard and harvest your individual!

Have you ever ever grown Romanesco broccoli earlier than? We’d love to listen to your ideas within the feedback part beneath!

And for extra details about rising cole crops in your backyard try these guides subsequent:

© Ask the Consultants, LLC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. See our TOS for extra particulars. Initially printed August 23, 2021. Final up to date August 9, 2025. Product pictures by way of Arbico Organics, Boss Backyard, Eden Brothers, and the Dwelling Depot. Uncredited pictures: Shutterstock.